Physiologie Pathologique

La physiopathologie spéciale, chez l’humain comme chez l’animal, est une science qui étudie les mécanismes des maladies propres à chaque organe ou système. Elle s’intéresse aux perturbations fonctionnelles et structurelles qui apparaissent lorsque le fonctionnement normal de l’organisme est altéré.

Cette discipline permet de comprendre comment ces perturbations sont à l’origine des signes cliniques et des symptômes observés au cours des maladies. Elle établit un lien entre la cause de l’affection, les mécanismes biologiques impliqués et leurs conséquences sur l’organisme.

La physiopathologie spéciale constitue ainsi une base essentielle pour comprendre, diagnostiquer et traiter les affections, aussi bien en médecine humaine qu’en médecine vétérinaire.

ImmunoPathology

The ImmunoPathology module serves as a critical bridge between basic immunology and clinical veterinary medicine. While previous courses focused on how a healthy immune system protects the host, this module explores what happens when that system malfunctions or becomes dysregulated. Students will examine the complex interactions between the immune system and tissues, focusing on how immune responses can inadvertently cause injury and disease in various animal species. This course provides the foundational understanding necessary to recognize that the immune system can be a double-edged sword—essential for survival but also a potential source of severe pathology. 

The primary objective of this module is to provide students with a deep understanding of the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases. Students will study the four major types of hypersensitivity reactions (allergies, cytotoxic reactions, immune complex disorders, and delayed-type hypersensitivity) and the mechanisms behind autoimmunity, where the body attacks its own tissues.

Upon successful completion of this module, students will possess the analytical skills required to bridge the gap between pathological theory and clinical practice. They will be able to recognize clinical signs associated with immune dysregulation and select appropriate diagnostic tools (such as serology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry) to confirm diagnoses. Furthermore, students will develop the ability to interpret laboratory results in the context of immune-mediated disease, allowing them to formulate differential diagnoses and understand the rationale behind immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapies. These skills form the essential groundwork for future clinical rotations in internal medicine, dermatology, and infectious disease control.