مواد و مراقبة فيزيوكيميائية

Electrochemical analyses are analytical techniques based on measuring electrical properties such as current, potential, or charge that result from chemical reactions, particularly redox reactions, at the electrode–solution interface. These methods are widely used for sensitive and accurate determination of chemical species. Chromatographic methods, on the other hand, are separation techniques that depend on the differential distribution of components between a stationary phase and a mobile phase, allowing the separation, identification, and quantification of compounds in complex mixtures