علوم اجتماعية إنثربولوجيا

Anthropological theory classique (classical theory) refers to the foundational frameworks established in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that aimed to explain cultural variation, social structure, and development. It largely centered on unilineal evolutionism—the idea that all cultures pass through the same stages of development from simple to complex.

Classical theories were often built on limited data or "armchair anthropology" (relying on reports from travelers/missionaries rather than direct fieldwork), which later sparked a shift towards rigorous, empirical, and ethnographic methods